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<title>Class: Rack::Sendfile</title>
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<table class="header-table">
<tr class="top-aligned-row">
<td><strong>Class</strong></td>
<td class="class-name-in-header">Rack::Sendfile</td>
</tr>
<tr class="top-aligned-row">
<td><strong>In:</strong></td>
<td>
<a href="../../files/lib/rack/sendfile_rb.html">
lib/rack/sendfile.rb
</a>
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="top-aligned-row">
<td><strong>Parent:</strong></td>
<td>
Object
</td>
</tr>
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</div>
<!-- banner header -->
<div id="bodyContent">
<div id="contextContent">
<div id="description">
<h1><a href="Sendfile.html">Sendfile</a></h1>
<p>
The <a href="Sendfile.html">Sendfile</a> middleware intercepts responses
whose body is being served from a file and replaces it with a server
specific X-<a href="Sendfile.html">Sendfile</a> header. The web server is
then responsible for writing the file contents to the client. This can
dramatically reduce the amount of work required by the Ruby backend and
takes advantage of the web server‘s optimized file delivery code.
</p>
<p>
In order to take advantage of this middleware, the response body must
respond to <tt>to_path</tt> and the request must include an X-<a
href="Sendfile.html">Sendfile</a>-Type header. <a
href="File.html">Rack::File</a> and other components implement
<tt>to_path</tt> so there‘s rarely anything you need to do in your
application. The X-<a href="Sendfile.html">Sendfile</a>-Type header is
typically set in your web servers configuration. The following sections
attempt to document
</p>
<h3>Nginx</h3>
<p>
Nginx supports the X-Accel-Redirect header. This is similar to X-<a
href="Sendfile.html">Sendfile</a> but requires parts of the filesystem to
be mapped into a private URL hierarchy.
</p>
<p>
The following example shows the Nginx configuration required to create a
private "/files/" area, enable X-Accel-Redirect, and pass the
special X-<a href="Sendfile.html">Sendfile</a>-Type and X-Accel-Mapping
headers to the backend:
</p>
<pre>
location ~ /files/(.*) {
internal;
alias /var/www/$1;
}
location / {
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Sendfile-Type X-Accel-Redirect;
proxy_set_header X-Accel-Mapping /var/www/=/files/;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/;
}
</pre>
<p>
Note that the X-<a href="Sendfile.html">Sendfile</a>-Type header must be
set exactly as shown above. The X-Accel-Mapping header should specify the
location on the file system, followed by an equals sign (=), followed name
of the private URL pattern that it maps to. The middleware performs a
simple substitution on the resulting path.
</p>
<p>
See Also: <a
href="http://wiki.codemongers.com/NginxXSendfile">wiki.codemongers.com/NginxXSendfile</a>
</p>
<h3>lighttpd</h3>
<p>
Lighttpd has supported some variation of the X-<a
href="Sendfile.html">Sendfile</a> header for some time, although only
recent version support X-<a href="Sendfile.html">Sendfile</a> in a reverse
proxy configuration.
</p>
<pre>
$HTTP["host"] == "example.com" {
proxy-core.protocol = "http"
proxy-core.balancer = "round-robin"
proxy-core.backends = (
"127.0.0.1:8000",
"127.0.0.1:8001",
...
)
proxy-core.allow-x-sendfile = "enable"
proxy-core.rewrite-request = (
"X-Sendfile-Type" => (".*" => "X-Sendfile")
)
}
</pre>
<p>
See Also: <a
href="http://redmine.lighttpd.net/wiki/lighttpd/Docs:ModProxyCore">redmine.lighttpd.net/wiki/lighttpd/Docs:ModProxyCore</a>
</p>
<h3>Apache</h3>
<p>
X-<a href="Sendfile.html">Sendfile</a> is supported under Apache 2.x using
a separate module:
</p>
<p>
<a href="https://tn123.org/mod_xsendfile">tn123.org/mod_xsendfile</a>/
</p>
<p>
Once the module is compiled and installed, you can enable it using
XSendFile config directive:
</p>
<pre>
RequestHeader Set X-Sendfile-Type X-Sendfile
ProxyPassReverse / http://localhost:8001/
XSendFile on
</pre>
<h3>Mapping parameter</h3>
<p>
The third parameter allows for an overriding extension of the
X-Accel-Mapping header. Mappings should be provided in tuples of internal
to external. The internal values may contain regular expression syntax,
they will be matched with case indifference.
</p>
</div>
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<div id="method-list">
<h3 class="section-bar">Methods</h3>
<div class="name-list">
<a href="#M000248">call</a>
<a href="#M000247">new</a>
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<!-- if includes -->
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<h3 class="section-bar">Constants</h3>
<div class="name-list">
<table summary="Constants">
<tr class="top-aligned-row context-row">
<td class="context-item-name">F</td>
<td>=</td>
<td class="context-item-value">::File</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<!-- if method_list -->
<div id="methods">
<h3 class="section-bar">Public Class methods</h3>
<div id="method-M000247" class="method-detail">
<a name="M000247"></a>
<div class="method-heading">
<a href="Sendfile.src/M000247.html" target="Code" class="method-signature"
onclick="popupCode('Sendfile.src/M000247.html');return false;">
<span class="method-name">new</span><span class="method-args">(app, variation=nil, mappings=[])</span>
</a>
</div>
<div class="method-description">
</div>
</div>
<h3 class="section-bar">Public Instance methods</h3>
<div id="method-M000248" class="method-detail">
<a name="M000248"></a>
<div class="method-heading">
<a href="Sendfile.src/M000248.html" target="Code" class="method-signature"
onclick="popupCode('Sendfile.src/M000248.html');return false;">
<span class="method-name">call</span><span class="method-args">(env)</span>
</a>
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<div class="method-description">
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