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# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
# for complete details.
from __future__ import annotations
import base64
import binascii
import os
import time
import typing
from cryptography import utils
from cryptography.exceptions import InvalidSignature
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes, padding
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers import Cipher, algorithms, modes
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.hmac import HMAC
class InvalidToken(Exception):
pass
_MAX_CLOCK_SKEW = 60
class Fernet:
def __init__(
self,
key: bytes | str,
backend: typing.Any = None,
) -> None:
try:
key = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(key)
except binascii.Error as exc:
raise ValueError(
"Fernet key must be 32 url-safe base64-encoded bytes."
) from exc
if len(key) != 32:
raise ValueError(
"Fernet key must be 32 url-safe base64-encoded bytes."
)
self._signing_key = key[:16]
self._encryption_key = key[16:]
@classmethod
def generate_key(cls) -> bytes:
return base64.urlsafe_b64encode(os.urandom(32))
def encrypt(self, data: bytes) -> bytes:
return self.encrypt_at_time(data, int(time.time()))
def encrypt_at_time(self, data: bytes, current_time: int) -> bytes:
iv = os.urandom(16)
return self._encrypt_from_parts(data, current_time, iv)
def _encrypt_from_parts(
self, data: bytes, current_time: int, iv: bytes
) -> bytes:
utils._check_bytes("data", data)
padder = padding.PKCS7(algorithms.AES.block_size).padder()
padded_data = padder.update(data) + padder.finalize()
encryptor = Cipher(
algorithms.AES(self._encryption_key),
modes.CBC(iv),
).encryptor()
ciphertext = encryptor.update(padded_data) + encryptor.finalize()
basic_parts = (
b"\x80"
+ current_time.to_bytes(length=8, byteorder="big")
+ iv
+ ciphertext
)
h = HMAC(self._signing_key, hashes.SHA256())
h.update(basic_parts)
hmac = h.finalize()
return base64.urlsafe_b64encode(basic_parts + hmac)
def decrypt(self, token: bytes | str, ttl: int | None = None) -> bytes:
timestamp, data = Fernet._get_unverified_token_data(token)
if ttl is None:
time_info = None
else:
time_info = (ttl, int(time.time()))
return self._decrypt_data(data, timestamp, time_info)
def decrypt_at_time(
self, token: bytes | str, ttl: int, current_time: int
) -> bytes:
if ttl is None:
raise ValueError(
"decrypt_at_time() can only be used with a non-None ttl"
)
timestamp, data = Fernet._get_unverified_token_data(token)
return self._decrypt_data(data, timestamp, (ttl, current_time))
def extract_timestamp(self, token: bytes | str) -> int:
timestamp, data = Fernet._get_unverified_token_data(token)
# Verify the token was not tampered with.
self._verify_signature(data)
return timestamp
@staticmethod
def _get_unverified_token_data(token: bytes | str) -> tuple[int, bytes]:
if not isinstance(token, (str, bytes)):
raise TypeError("token must be bytes or str")
try:
data = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(token)
except (TypeError, binascii.Error):
raise InvalidToken
if not data or data[0] != 0x80:
raise InvalidToken
if len(data) < 9:
raise InvalidToken
timestamp = int.from_bytes(data[1:9], byteorder="big")
return timestamp, data
def _verify_signature(self, data: bytes) -> None:
h = HMAC(self._signing_key, hashes.SHA256())
h.update(data[:-32])
try:
h.verify(data[-32:])
except InvalidSignature:
raise InvalidToken
def _decrypt_data(
self,
data: bytes,
timestamp: int,
time_info: tuple[int, int] | None,
) -> bytes:
if time_info is not None:
ttl, current_time = time_info
if timestamp + ttl < current_time:
raise InvalidToken
if current_time + _MAX_CLOCK_SKEW < timestamp:
raise InvalidToken
self._verify_signature(data)
iv = data[9:25]
ciphertext = data[25:-32]
decryptor = Cipher(
algorithms.AES(self._encryption_key), modes.CBC(iv)
).decryptor()
plaintext_padded = decryptor.update(ciphertext)
try:
plaintext_padded += decryptor.finalize()
except ValueError:
raise InvalidToken
unpadder = padding.PKCS7(algorithms.AES.block_size).unpadder()
unpadded = unpadder.update(plaintext_padded)
try:
unpadded += unpadder.finalize()
except ValueError:
raise InvalidToken
return unpadded
class MultiFernet:
def __init__(self, fernets: typing.Iterable[Fernet]):
fernets = list(fernets)
if not fernets:
raise ValueError(
"MultiFernet requires at least one Fernet instance"
)
self._fernets = fernets
def encrypt(self, msg: bytes) -> bytes:
return self.encrypt_at_time(msg, int(time.time()))
def encrypt_at_time(self, msg: bytes, current_time: int) -> bytes:
return self._fernets[0].encrypt_at_time(msg, current_time)
def rotate(self, msg: bytes | str) -> bytes:
timestamp, data = Fernet._get_unverified_token_data(msg)
for f in self._fernets:
try:
p = f._decrypt_data(data, timestamp, None)
break
except InvalidToken:
pass
else:
raise InvalidToken
iv = os.urandom(16)
return self._fernets[0]._encrypt_from_parts(p, timestamp, iv)
def decrypt(self, msg: bytes | str, ttl: int | None = None) -> bytes:
for f in self._fernets:
try:
return f.decrypt(msg, ttl)
except InvalidToken:
pass
raise InvalidToken
def decrypt_at_time(
self, msg: bytes | str, ttl: int, current_time: int
) -> bytes:
for f in self._fernets:
try:
return f.decrypt_at_time(msg, ttl, current_time)
except InvalidToken:
pass
raise InvalidToken