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#
# Copyright 2009 Facebook
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""HTTP utility code shared by clients and servers.
This module also defines the `HTTPServerRequest` class which is exposed
via `tornado.web.RequestHandler.request`.
"""
import calendar
import collections.abc
import copy
import datetime
import email.utils
from functools import lru_cache
from http.client import responses
import http.cookies
import re
from ssl import SSLError
import time
import unicodedata
from urllib.parse import urlencode, urlparse, urlunparse, parse_qsl
from tornado.escape import native_str, parse_qs_bytes, utf8
from tornado.log import gen_log
from tornado.util import ObjectDict, unicode_type
# responses is unused in this file, but we re-export it to other files.
# Reference it so pyflakes doesn't complain.
responses
import typing
from typing import (
Tuple,
Iterable,
List,
Mapping,
Iterator,
Dict,
Union,
Optional,
Awaitable,
Generator,
AnyStr,
)
if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
from typing import Deque # noqa: F401
from asyncio import Future # noqa: F401
import unittest # noqa: F401
@lru_cache(1000)
def _normalize_header(name: str) -> str:
"""Map a header name to Http-Header-Case.
>>> _normalize_header("coNtent-TYPE")
'Content-Type'
"""
return "-".join([w.capitalize() for w in name.split("-")])
class HTTPHeaders(collections.abc.MutableMapping):
"""A dictionary that maintains ``Http-Header-Case`` for all keys.
Supports multiple values per key via a pair of new methods,
`add()` and `get_list()`. The regular dictionary interface
returns a single value per key, with multiple values joined by a
comma.
>>> h = HTTPHeaders({"content-type": "text/html"})
>>> list(h.keys())
['Content-Type']
>>> h["Content-Type"]
'text/html'
>>> h.add("Set-Cookie", "A=B")
>>> h.add("Set-Cookie", "C=D")
>>> h["set-cookie"]
'A=B,C=D'
>>> h.get_list("set-cookie")
['A=B', 'C=D']
>>> for (k,v) in sorted(h.get_all()):
... print('%s: %s' % (k,v))
...
Content-Type: text/html
Set-Cookie: A=B
Set-Cookie: C=D
"""
@typing.overload
def __init__(self, __arg: Mapping[str, List[str]]) -> None:
pass
@typing.overload # noqa: F811
def __init__(self, __arg: Mapping[str, str]) -> None:
pass
@typing.overload # noqa: F811
def __init__(self, *args: Tuple[str, str]) -> None:
pass
@typing.overload # noqa: F811
def __init__(self, **kwargs: str) -> None:
pass
def __init__(self, *args: typing.Any, **kwargs: str) -> None: # noqa: F811
self._dict = {} # type: typing.Dict[str, str]
self._as_list = {} # type: typing.Dict[str, typing.List[str]]
self._last_key = None # type: Optional[str]
if len(args) == 1 and len(kwargs) == 0 and isinstance(args[0], HTTPHeaders):
# Copy constructor
for k, v in args[0].get_all():
self.add(k, v)
else:
# Dict-style initialization
self.update(*args, **kwargs)
# new public methods
def add(self, name: str, value: str) -> None:
"""Adds a new value for the given key."""
norm_name = _normalize_header(name)
self._last_key = norm_name
if norm_name in self:
self._dict[norm_name] = (
native_str(self[norm_name]) + "," + native_str(value)
)
self._as_list[norm_name].append(value)
else:
self[norm_name] = value
def get_list(self, name: str) -> List[str]:
"""Returns all values for the given header as a list."""
norm_name = _normalize_header(name)
return self._as_list.get(norm_name, [])
def get_all(self) -> Iterable[Tuple[str, str]]:
"""Returns an iterable of all (name, value) pairs.
If a header has multiple values, multiple pairs will be
returned with the same name.
"""
for name, values in self._as_list.items():
for value in values:
yield (name, value)
def parse_line(self, line: str) -> None:
"""Updates the dictionary with a single header line.
>>> h = HTTPHeaders()
>>> h.parse_line("Content-Type: text/html")
>>> h.get('content-type')
'text/html'
"""
if line[0].isspace():
# continuation of a multi-line header
if self._last_key is None:
raise HTTPInputError("first header line cannot start with whitespace")
new_part = " " + line.lstrip()
self._as_list[self._last_key][-1] += new_part
self._dict[self._last_key] += new_part
else:
try:
name, value = line.split(":", 1)
except ValueError:
raise HTTPInputError("no colon in header line")
self.add(name, value.strip())
@classmethod
def parse(cls, headers: str) -> "HTTPHeaders":
"""Returns a dictionary from HTTP header text.
>>> h = HTTPHeaders.parse("Content-Type: text/html\\r\\nContent-Length: 42\\r\\n")
>>> sorted(h.items())
[('Content-Length', '42'), ('Content-Type', 'text/html')]
.. versionchanged:: 5.1
Raises `HTTPInputError` on malformed headers instead of a
mix of `KeyError`, and `ValueError`.
"""
h = cls()
# RFC 7230 section 3.5: a recipient MAY recognize a single LF as a line
# terminator and ignore any preceding CR.
for line in headers.split("\n"):
if line.endswith("\r"):
line = line[:-1]
if line:
h.parse_line(line)
return h
# MutableMapping abstract method implementations.
def __setitem__(self, name: str, value: str) -> None:
norm_name = _normalize_header(name)
self._dict[norm_name] = value
self._as_list[norm_name] = [value]
def __getitem__(self, name: str) -> str:
return self._dict[_normalize_header(name)]
def __delitem__(self, name: str) -> None:
norm_name = _normalize_header(name)
del self._dict[norm_name]
del self._as_list[norm_name]
def __len__(self) -> int:
return len(self._dict)
def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[typing.Any]:
return iter(self._dict)
def copy(self) -> "HTTPHeaders":
# defined in dict but not in MutableMapping.
return HTTPHeaders(self)
# Use our overridden copy method for the copy.copy module.
# This makes shallow copies one level deeper, but preserves
# the appearance that HTTPHeaders is a single container.
__copy__ = copy
def __str__(self) -> str:
lines = []
for name, value in self.get_all():
lines.append("%s: %s\n" % (name, value))
return "".join(lines)
__unicode__ = __str__
class HTTPServerRequest(object):
"""A single HTTP request.
All attributes are type `str` unless otherwise noted.
.. attribute:: method
HTTP request method, e.g. "GET" or "POST"
.. attribute:: uri
The requested uri.
.. attribute:: path
The path portion of `uri`
.. attribute:: query
The query portion of `uri`
.. attribute:: version
HTTP version specified in request, e.g. "HTTP/1.1"
.. attribute:: headers
`.HTTPHeaders` dictionary-like object for request headers. Acts like
a case-insensitive dictionary with additional methods for repeated
headers.
.. attribute:: body
Request body, if present, as a byte string.
.. attribute:: remote_ip
Client's IP address as a string. If ``HTTPServer.xheaders`` is set,
will pass along the real IP address provided by a load balancer
in the ``X-Real-Ip`` or ``X-Forwarded-For`` header.
.. versionchanged:: 3.1
The list format of ``X-Forwarded-For`` is now supported.
.. attribute:: protocol
The protocol used, either "http" or "https". If ``HTTPServer.xheaders``
is set, will pass along the protocol used by a load balancer if
reported via an ``X-Scheme`` header.
.. attribute:: host
The requested hostname, usually taken from the ``Host`` header.
.. attribute:: arguments
GET/POST arguments are available in the arguments property, which
maps arguments names to lists of values (to support multiple values
for individual names). Names are of type `str`, while arguments
are byte strings. Note that this is different from
`.RequestHandler.get_argument`, which returns argument values as
unicode strings.
.. attribute:: query_arguments
Same format as ``arguments``, but contains only arguments extracted
from the query string.
.. versionadded:: 3.2
.. attribute:: body_arguments
Same format as ``arguments``, but contains only arguments extracted
from the request body.
.. versionadded:: 3.2
.. attribute:: files
File uploads are available in the files property, which maps file
names to lists of `.HTTPFile`.
.. attribute:: connection
An HTTP request is attached to a single HTTP connection, which can
be accessed through the "connection" attribute. Since connections
are typically kept open in HTTP/1.1, multiple requests can be handled
sequentially on a single connection.
.. versionchanged:: 4.0
Moved from ``tornado.httpserver.HTTPRequest``.
"""
path = None # type: str
query = None # type: str
# HACK: Used for stream_request_body
_body_future = None # type: Future[None]
def __init__(
self,
method: Optional[str] = None,
uri: Optional[str] = None,
version: str = "HTTP/1.0",
headers: Optional[HTTPHeaders] = None,
body: Optional[bytes] = None,
host: Optional[str] = None,
files: Optional[Dict[str, List["HTTPFile"]]] = None,
connection: Optional["HTTPConnection"] = None,
start_line: Optional["RequestStartLine"] = None,
server_connection: Optional[object] = None,
) -> None:
if start_line is not None:
method, uri, version = start_line
self.method = method
self.uri = uri
self.version = version
self.headers = headers or HTTPHeaders()
self.body = body or b""
# set remote IP and protocol
context = getattr(connection, "context", None)
self.remote_ip = getattr(context, "remote_ip", None)
self.protocol = getattr(context, "protocol", "http")
self.host = host or self.headers.get("Host") or "127.0.0.1"
self.host_name = split_host_and_port(self.host.lower())[0]
self.files = files or {}
self.connection = connection
self.server_connection = server_connection
self._start_time = time.time()
self._finish_time = None
if uri is not None:
self.path, sep, self.query = uri.partition("?")
self.arguments = parse_qs_bytes(self.query, keep_blank_values=True)
self.query_arguments = copy.deepcopy(self.arguments)
self.body_arguments = {} # type: Dict[str, List[bytes]]
@property
def cookies(self) -> Dict[str, http.cookies.Morsel]:
"""A dictionary of ``http.cookies.Morsel`` objects."""
if not hasattr(self, "_cookies"):
self._cookies = (
http.cookies.SimpleCookie()
) # type: http.cookies.SimpleCookie
if "Cookie" in self.headers:
try:
parsed = parse_cookie(self.headers["Cookie"])
except Exception:
pass
else:
for k, v in parsed.items():
try:
self._cookies[k] = v
except Exception:
# SimpleCookie imposes some restrictions on keys;
# parse_cookie does not. Discard any cookies
# with disallowed keys.
pass
return self._cookies
def full_url(self) -> str:
"""Reconstructs the full URL for this request."""
return self.protocol + "://" + self.host + self.uri # type: ignore[operator]
def request_time(self) -> float:
"""Returns the amount of time it took for this request to execute."""
if self._finish_time is None:
return time.time() - self._start_time
else:
return self._finish_time - self._start_time
def get_ssl_certificate(
self, binary_form: bool = False
) -> Union[None, Dict, bytes]:
"""Returns the client's SSL certificate, if any.
To use client certificates, the HTTPServer's
`ssl.SSLContext.verify_mode` field must be set, e.g.::
ssl_ctx = ssl.create_default_context(ssl.Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH)
ssl_ctx.load_cert_chain("foo.crt", "foo.key")
ssl_ctx.load_verify_locations("cacerts.pem")
ssl_ctx.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
server = HTTPServer(app, ssl_options=ssl_ctx)
By default, the return value is a dictionary (or None, if no
client certificate is present). If ``binary_form`` is true, a
DER-encoded form of the certificate is returned instead. See
SSLSocket.getpeercert() in the standard library for more
details.
http://docs.python.org/library/ssl.html#sslsocket-objects
"""
try:
if self.connection is None:
return None
# TODO: add a method to HTTPConnection for this so it can work with HTTP/2
return self.connection.stream.socket.getpeercert( # type: ignore
binary_form=binary_form
)
except SSLError:
return None
def _parse_body(self) -> None:
parse_body_arguments(
self.headers.get("Content-Type", ""),
self.body,
self.body_arguments,
self.files,
self.headers,
)
for k, v in self.body_arguments.items():
self.arguments.setdefault(k, []).extend(v)
def __repr__(self) -> str:
attrs = ("protocol", "host", "method", "uri", "version", "remote_ip")
args = ", ".join(["%s=%r" % (n, getattr(self, n)) for n in attrs])
return "%s(%s)" % (self.__class__.__name__, args)
class HTTPInputError(Exception):
"""Exception class for malformed HTTP requests or responses
from remote sources.
.. versionadded:: 4.0
"""
pass
class HTTPOutputError(Exception):
"""Exception class for errors in HTTP output.
.. versionadded:: 4.0
"""
pass
class HTTPServerConnectionDelegate(object):
"""Implement this interface to handle requests from `.HTTPServer`.
.. versionadded:: 4.0
"""
def start_request(
self, server_conn: object, request_conn: "HTTPConnection"
) -> "HTTPMessageDelegate":
"""This method is called by the server when a new request has started.
:arg server_conn: is an opaque object representing the long-lived
(e.g. tcp-level) connection.
:arg request_conn: is a `.HTTPConnection` object for a single
request/response exchange.
This method should return a `.HTTPMessageDelegate`.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()
def on_close(self, server_conn: object) -> None:
"""This method is called when a connection has been closed.
:arg server_conn: is a server connection that has previously been
passed to ``start_request``.
"""
pass
class HTTPMessageDelegate(object):
"""Implement this interface to handle an HTTP request or response.
.. versionadded:: 4.0
"""
# TODO: genericize this class to avoid exposing the Union.
def headers_received(
self,
start_line: Union["RequestStartLine", "ResponseStartLine"],
headers: HTTPHeaders,
) -> Optional[Awaitable[None]]:
"""Called when the HTTP headers have been received and parsed.
:arg start_line: a `.RequestStartLine` or `.ResponseStartLine`
depending on whether this is a client or server message.
:arg headers: a `.HTTPHeaders` instance.
Some `.HTTPConnection` methods can only be called during
``headers_received``.
May return a `.Future`; if it does the body will not be read
until it is done.
"""
pass
def data_received(self, chunk: bytes) -> Optional[Awaitable[None]]:
"""Called when a chunk of data has been received.
May return a `.Future` for flow control.
"""
pass
def finish(self) -> None:
"""Called after the last chunk of data has been received."""
pass
def on_connection_close(self) -> None:
"""Called if the connection is closed without finishing the request.
If ``headers_received`` is called, either ``finish`` or
``on_connection_close`` will be called, but not both.
"""
pass
class HTTPConnection(object):
"""Applications use this interface to write their responses.
.. versionadded:: 4.0
"""
def write_headers(
self,
start_line: Union["RequestStartLine", "ResponseStartLine"],
headers: HTTPHeaders,
chunk: Optional[bytes] = None,
) -> "Future[None]":
"""Write an HTTP header block.
:arg start_line: a `.RequestStartLine` or `.ResponseStartLine`.
:arg headers: a `.HTTPHeaders` instance.
:arg chunk: the first (optional) chunk of data. This is an optimization
so that small responses can be written in the same call as their
headers.
The ``version`` field of ``start_line`` is ignored.
Returns a future for flow control.
.. versionchanged:: 6.0
The ``callback`` argument was removed.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()
def write(self, chunk: bytes) -> "Future[None]":
"""Writes a chunk of body data.
Returns a future for flow control.
.. versionchanged:: 6.0
The ``callback`` argument was removed.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()
def finish(self) -> None:
"""Indicates that the last body data has been written."""
raise NotImplementedError()
def url_concat(
url: str,
args: Union[
None, Dict[str, str], List[Tuple[str, str]], Tuple[Tuple[str, str], ...]
],
) -> str:
"""Concatenate url and arguments regardless of whether
url has existing query parameters.
``args`` may be either a dictionary or a list of key-value pairs
(the latter allows for multiple values with the same key.
>>> url_concat("http://example.com/foo", dict(c="d"))
'http://example.com/foo?c=d'
>>> url_concat("http://example.com/foo?a=b", dict(c="d"))
'http://example.com/foo?a=b&c=d'
>>> url_concat("http://example.com/foo?a=b", [("c", "d"), ("c", "d2")])
'http://example.com/foo?a=b&c=d&c=d2'
"""
if args is None:
return url
parsed_url = urlparse(url)
if isinstance(args, dict):
parsed_query = parse_qsl(parsed_url.query, keep_blank_values=True)
parsed_query.extend(args.items())
elif isinstance(args, list) or isinstance(args, tuple):
parsed_query = parse_qsl(parsed_url.query, keep_blank_values=True)
parsed_query.extend(args)
else:
err = "'args' parameter should be dict, list or tuple. Not {0}".format(
type(args)
)
raise TypeError(err)
final_query = urlencode(parsed_query)
url = urlunparse(
(
parsed_url[0],
parsed_url[1],
parsed_url[2],
parsed_url[3],
final_query,
parsed_url[5],
)
)
return url
class HTTPFile(ObjectDict):
"""Represents a file uploaded via a form.
For backwards compatibility, its instance attributes are also
accessible as dictionary keys.
* ``filename``
* ``body``
* ``content_type``
"""
filename: str
body: bytes
content_type: str
def _parse_request_range(
range_header: str,
) -> Optional[Tuple[Optional[int], Optional[int]]]:
"""Parses a Range header.
Returns either ``None`` or tuple ``(start, end)``.
Note that while the HTTP headers use inclusive byte positions,
this method returns indexes suitable for use in slices.
>>> start, end = _parse_request_range("bytes=1-2")
>>> start, end
(1, 3)
>>> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4][start:end]
[1, 2]
>>> _parse_request_range("bytes=6-")
(6, None)
>>> _parse_request_range("bytes=-6")
(-6, None)
>>> _parse_request_range("bytes=-0")
(None, 0)
>>> _parse_request_range("bytes=")
(None, None)
>>> _parse_request_range("foo=42")
>>> _parse_request_range("bytes=1-2,6-10")
Note: only supports one range (ex, ``bytes=1-2,6-10`` is not allowed).
See [0] for the details of the range header.
[0]: http://greenbytes.de/tech/webdav/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-latest.html#byte.ranges
"""
unit, _, value = range_header.partition("=")
unit, value = unit.strip(), value.strip()
if unit != "bytes":
return None
start_b, _, end_b = value.partition("-")
try:
start = _int_or_none(start_b)
end = _int_or_none(end_b)
except ValueError:
return None
if end is not None:
if start is None:
if end != 0:
start = -end
end = None
else:
end += 1
return (start, end)
def _get_content_range(start: Optional[int], end: Optional[int], total: int) -> str:
"""Returns a suitable Content-Range header:
>>> print(_get_content_range(None, 1, 4))
bytes 0-0/4
>>> print(_get_content_range(1, 3, 4))
bytes 1-2/4
>>> print(_get_content_range(None, None, 4))
bytes 0-3/4
"""
start = start or 0
end = (end or total) - 1
return "bytes %s-%s/%s" % (start, end, total)
def _int_or_none(val: str) -> Optional[int]:
val = val.strip()
if val == "":
return None
return int(val)
def parse_body_arguments(
content_type: str,
body: bytes,
arguments: Dict[str, List[bytes]],
files: Dict[str, List[HTTPFile]],
headers: Optional[HTTPHeaders] = None,
) -> None:
"""Parses a form request body.
Supports ``application/x-www-form-urlencoded`` and
``multipart/form-data``. The ``content_type`` parameter should be
a string and ``body`` should be a byte string. The ``arguments``
and ``files`` parameters are dictionaries that will be updated
with the parsed contents.
"""
if content_type.startswith("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"):
if headers and "Content-Encoding" in headers:
gen_log.warning(
"Unsupported Content-Encoding: %s", headers["Content-Encoding"]
)
return
try:
# real charset decoding will happen in RequestHandler.decode_argument()
uri_arguments = parse_qs_bytes(body, keep_blank_values=True)
except Exception as e:
gen_log.warning("Invalid x-www-form-urlencoded body: %s", e)
uri_arguments = {}
for name, values in uri_arguments.items():
if values:
arguments.setdefault(name, []).extend(values)
elif content_type.startswith("multipart/form-data"):
if headers and "Content-Encoding" in headers:
gen_log.warning(
"Unsupported Content-Encoding: %s", headers["Content-Encoding"]
)
return
try:
fields = content_type.split(";")
for field in fields:
k, sep, v = field.strip().partition("=")
if k == "boundary" and v:
parse_multipart_form_data(utf8(v), body, arguments, files)
break
else:
raise ValueError("multipart boundary not found")
except Exception as e:
gen_log.warning("Invalid multipart/form-data: %s", e)
def parse_multipart_form_data(
boundary: bytes,
data: bytes,
arguments: Dict[str, List[bytes]],
files: Dict[str, List[HTTPFile]],
) -> None:
"""Parses a ``multipart/form-data`` body.
The ``boundary`` and ``data`` parameters are both byte strings.
The dictionaries given in the arguments and files parameters
will be updated with the contents of the body.
.. versionchanged:: 5.1
Now recognizes non-ASCII filenames in RFC 2231/5987
(``filename*=``) format.
"""
# The standard allows for the boundary to be quoted in the header,
# although it's rare (it happens at least for google app engine
# xmpp). I think we're also supposed to handle backslash-escapes
# here but I'll save that until we see a client that uses them
# in the wild.
if boundary.startswith(b'"') and boundary.endswith(b'"'):
boundary = boundary[1:-1]
final_boundary_index = data.rfind(b"--" + boundary + b"--")
if final_boundary_index == -1:
gen_log.warning("Invalid multipart/form-data: no final boundary")
return
parts = data[:final_boundary_index].split(b"--" + boundary + b"\r\n")
for part in parts:
if not part:
continue
eoh = part.find(b"\r\n\r\n")
if eoh == -1:
gen_log.warning("multipart/form-data missing headers")
continue
headers = HTTPHeaders.parse(part[:eoh].decode("utf-8"))
disp_header = headers.get("Content-Disposition", "")
disposition, disp_params = _parse_header(disp_header)
if disposition != "form-data" or not part.endswith(b"\r\n"):
gen_log.warning("Invalid multipart/form-data")
continue
value = part[eoh + 4 : -2]
if not disp_params.get("name"):
gen_log.warning("multipart/form-data value missing name")
continue
name = disp_params["name"]
if disp_params.get("filename"):
ctype = headers.get("Content-Type", "application/unknown")
files.setdefault(name, []).append(
HTTPFile(
filename=disp_params["filename"], body=value, content_type=ctype
)
)
else:
arguments.setdefault(name, []).append(value)
def format_timestamp(
ts: Union[int, float, tuple, time.struct_time, datetime.datetime]
) -> str:
"""Formats a timestamp in the format used by HTTP.
The argument may be a numeric timestamp as returned by `time.time`,
a time tuple as returned by `time.gmtime`, or a `datetime.datetime`
object.
>>> format_timestamp(1359312200)
'Sun, 27 Jan 2013 18:43:20 GMT'
"""
if isinstance(ts, (int, float)):
time_num = ts
elif isinstance(ts, (tuple, time.struct_time)):
time_num = calendar.timegm(ts)
elif isinstance(ts, datetime.datetime):
time_num = calendar.timegm(ts.utctimetuple())
else:
raise TypeError("unknown timestamp type: %r" % ts)
return email.utils.formatdate(time_num, usegmt=True)
RequestStartLine = collections.namedtuple(
"RequestStartLine", ["method", "path", "version"]
)
_http_version_re = re.compile(r"^HTTP/1\.[0-9]$")
def parse_request_start_line(line: str) -> RequestStartLine:
"""Returns a (method, path, version) tuple for an HTTP 1.x request line.
The response is a `collections.namedtuple`.
>>> parse_request_start_line("GET /foo HTTP/1.1")
RequestStartLine(method='GET', path='/foo', version='HTTP/1.1')
"""
try:
method, path, version = line.split(" ")
except ValueError:
# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.1.1
# invalid request-line SHOULD respond with a 400 (Bad Request)
raise HTTPInputError("Malformed HTTP request line")
if not _http_version_re.match(version):
raise HTTPInputError(
"Malformed HTTP version in HTTP Request-Line: %r" % version
)
return RequestStartLine(method, path, version)
ResponseStartLine = collections.namedtuple(
"ResponseStartLine", ["version", "code", "reason"]
)
_http_response_line_re = re.compile(r"(HTTP/1.[0-9]) ([0-9]+) ([^\r]*)")
def parse_response_start_line(line: str) -> ResponseStartLine:
"""Returns a (version, code, reason) tuple for an HTTP 1.x response line.
The response is a `collections.namedtuple`.
>>> parse_response_start_line("HTTP/1.1 200 OK")
ResponseStartLine(version='HTTP/1.1', code=200, reason='OK')
"""
line = native_str(line)
match = _http_response_line_re.match(line)
if not match:
raise HTTPInputError("Error parsing response start line")
return ResponseStartLine(match.group(1), int(match.group(2)), match.group(3))
# _parseparam and _parse_header are copied and modified from python2.7's cgi.py
# The original 2.7 version of this code did not correctly support some
# combinations of semicolons and double quotes.
# It has also been modified to support valueless parameters as seen in
# websocket extension negotiations, and to support non-ascii values in
# RFC 2231/5987 format.
def _parseparam(s: str) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
while s[:1] == ";":
s = s[1:]
end = s.find(";")
while end > 0 and (s.count('"', 0, end) - s.count('\\"', 0, end)) % 2:
end = s.find(";", end + 1)
if end < 0:
end = len(s)
f = s[:end]
yield f.strip()
s = s[end:]
def _parse_header(line: str) -> Tuple[str, Dict[str, str]]:
r"""Parse a Content-type like header.
Return the main content-type and a dictionary of options.
>>> d = "form-data; foo=\"b\\\\a\\\"r\"; file*=utf-8''T%C3%A4st"
>>> ct, d = _parse_header(d)
>>> ct
'form-data'
>>> d['file'] == r'T\u00e4st'.encode('ascii').decode('unicode_escape')
True
>>> d['foo']
'b\\a"r'
"""
parts = _parseparam(";" + line)
key = next(parts)
# decode_params treats first argument special, but we already stripped key
params = [("Dummy", "value")]
for p in parts:
i = p.find("=")
if i >= 0:
name = p[:i].strip().lower()
value = p[i + 1 :].strip()
params.append((name, native_str(value)))
decoded_params = email.utils.decode_params(params)
decoded_params.pop(0) # get rid of the dummy again
pdict = {}
for name, decoded_value in decoded_params:
value = email.utils.collapse_rfc2231_value(decoded_value)
if len(value) >= 2 and value[0] == '"' and value[-1] == '"':
value = value[1:-1]
pdict[name] = value
return key, pdict
def _encode_header(key: str, pdict: Dict[str, str]) -> str:
"""Inverse of _parse_header.
>>> _encode_header('permessage-deflate',
... {'client_max_window_bits': 15, 'client_no_context_takeover': None})
'permessage-deflate; client_max_window_bits=15; client_no_context_takeover'
"""
if not pdict:
return key
out = [key]
# Sort the parameters just to make it easy to test.
for k, v in sorted(pdict.items()):
if v is None:
out.append(k)
else:
# TODO: quote if necessary.
out.append("%s=%s" % (k, v))
return "; ".join(out)
def encode_username_password(
username: Union[str, bytes], password: Union[str, bytes]
) -> bytes:
"""Encodes a username/password pair in the format used by HTTP auth.
The return value is a byte string in the form ``username:password``.
.. versionadded:: 5.1
"""
if isinstance(username, unicode_type):
username = unicodedata.normalize("NFC", username)
if isinstance(password, unicode_type):
password = unicodedata.normalize("NFC", password)
return utf8(username) + b":" + utf8(password)
def doctests():
# type: () -> unittest.TestSuite
import doctest
return doctest.DocTestSuite()
_netloc_re = re.compile(r"^(.+):(\d+)$")
def split_host_and_port(netloc: str) -> Tuple[str, Optional[int]]:
"""Returns ``(host, port)`` tuple from ``netloc``.
Returned ``port`` will be ``None`` if not present.
.. versionadded:: 4.1
"""
match = _netloc_re.match(netloc)
if match:
host = match.group(1)
port = int(match.group(2)) # type: Optional[int]
else:
host = netloc
port = None
return (host, port)
def qs_to_qsl(qs: Dict[str, List[AnyStr]]) -> Iterable[Tuple[str, AnyStr]]:
"""Generator converting a result of ``parse_qs`` back to name-value pairs.
.. versionadded:: 5.0
"""
for k, vs in qs.items():
for v in vs:
yield (k, v)
_OctalPatt = re.compile(r"\\[0-3][0-7][0-7]")
_QuotePatt = re.compile(r"[\\].")
_nulljoin = "".join
def _unquote_cookie(s: str) -> str:
"""Handle double quotes and escaping in cookie values.
This method is copied verbatim from the Python 3.5 standard
library (http.cookies._unquote) so we don't have to depend on
non-public interfaces.
"""
# If there aren't any doublequotes,
# then there can't be any special characters. See RFC 2109.
if s is None or len(s) < 2:
return s
if s[0] != '"' or s[-1] != '"':
return s
# We have to assume that we must decode this string.
# Down to work.
# Remove the "s
s = s[1:-1]
# Check for special sequences. Examples:
# \012 --> \n
# \" --> "
#
i = 0
n = len(s)
res = []
while 0 <= i < n:
o_match = _OctalPatt.search(s, i)
q_match = _QuotePatt.search(s, i)
if not o_match and not q_match: # Neither matched
res.append(s[i:])
break
# else:
j = k = -1
if o_match:
j = o_match.start(0)
if q_match:
k = q_match.start(0)
if q_match and (not o_match or k < j): # QuotePatt matched
res.append(s[i:k])
res.append(s[k + 1])
i = k + 2
else: # OctalPatt matched
res.append(s[i:j])
res.append(chr(int(s[j + 1 : j + 4], 8)))
i = j + 4
return _nulljoin(res)
def parse_cookie(cookie: str) -> Dict[str, str]:
"""Parse a ``Cookie`` HTTP header into a dict of name/value pairs.
This function attempts to mimic browser cookie parsing behavior;
it specifically does not follow any of the cookie-related RFCs
(because browsers don't either).
The algorithm used is identical to that used by Django version 1.9.10.
.. versionadded:: 4.4.2
"""
cookiedict = {}
for chunk in cookie.split(str(";")):
if str("=") in chunk:
key, val = chunk.split(str("="), 1)
else:
# Assume an empty name per
# https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=169091
key, val = str(""), chunk
key, val = key.strip(), val.strip()
if key or val:
# unquote using Python's algorithm.
cookiedict[key] = _unquote_cookie(val)
return cookiedict